One of the concerns around AI is its impact on the workforce, and especially how it could replace humans. What's your feeling here? Is it a is it a valid concern? Yeah. So I I think it's a fair concern. While it's not new given AI has been adopted by, you know, for low stage jobs, which require highly repellative and the complex text for some time. And for the manufacturing space, however, I would rate a precision AI as a co pilot just like Paul and William mentioned earlier, assuming we should leverage AI to allow us to small, work smarter and mixing faster to deporting scale and to making things easier for human to find and decode the complex interaction between machines, material, and the process through more nature communication with the normal humans. I I agree, Kathy. I I think as with any evolution of technology and automation, certain jobs and tasks that are currently done by humans will in the future be performed by AI, if not already. And in that sense, it's inevitable that some jobs will be replaced Now until recently, that risk was limited to, as we've said, laborious and overly manually manual tests such as real time quality defect detection through human eyes, and even certain aspects of the work that data analyst analysts do, And also with the inevitable productivity improvements that AI can deliver, there's also, a risk If you call it that, that that manufacturers will be able to operate with reduced labor due to increased efficiency. However, of course, that that's nothing new, technology, and automation has been doing that for decades. AI is just the next technology that will bring about that next wave of efficiency and productivity improvements. I think having said this with generative AI and the co pilots, I think there's now a wider risk to roles that previous previously may not have been affected by technology and automation improvements. So for example, it may include the roles of engineers and domain experts In the future, your average manufacturing plan, it will no longer require a team of highly qualified experts who are critical to the business because that got decades of experience and built in tribal knowledge of the process. Generative AI can pick up that knowledge really quickly and it can replace those roles with a virtual co pilot. Now in many ways, that's actually a good thing, particularly considering the aging workforce and the inevitable will loss of these roles through retirement. And of course AI and particularly generative AI will create lots of new roles. Exciting, fulfilling, and well paid jobs that are no longer laborious, low value, manual, and time consuming, but are now interesting, exciting, creative, and impactful. I believe that generative AI will become as ubiquitous as ubiquitous as Bing and Google, as as they are now. And and like those tools, they will inevitably make our lives easier, more efficient Now, of course, staff will need to be retrained to take advantage of these opportunities, but the new generation of workers that are coming into manufacturing, they're already primed to do this due to their familiarity with the technology and other at the line. So I I I think the future is very positive for employment with AI. Right. So to close out this session, I'd like to ask each of you what you see as today's speech spot applications for AI, specifically in manufacturing, and what you see is the trends that will be emerging over the next few years. Yes. So, to me, I would say generating AI technology is essentially a accelerating path of two perspectives. The first being nature user interface, and the second is, assisting human reasoning. This is a real power of the AI. Accelerating the adapting, the adoption of the nature user interface to allow the human and digital world to communicate without the boundaries. And then providing a reasoning agent at scale to integrate and, contextualize both historical and the real time data between human and machine I believe we are going to see more copilot being developed to address different manufacturing life cycle model and provide tangible business benefit. I I think the sweet spots are certainly vision AI, as we've said, for quality improvement, and also, better health safety and environmental performance, in the factories. And then from a productivity perspective, just the overall enhancement of digital performance management were gone are the days that we currently see where we have manual and time consuming data gathering and aggregation processes. The whole concept of drill down diagnostics, I think, will become a thing of the past. We won't wanna be doing that. We want AI to do that for us. And just people getting overloaded by the whole concept of big data, GenAI will be able to take that on and and sort of be able to deal with that for for for the humans. And and that'll bring a new dawn of intelligent co pilots that they do all that work for you. And as I've said, provided they're giving accurate context, they'll be able to get you to the actionable insights in minutes rather than the weeks that it, takes now. Yeah. I think that Paul mentioned about the combination of the Raven AI, you know, the to create the correct data and the prediction to and also work with the generate the AI to make a correct decision. In case they also emphasized the same thing. And I do support this kind of, directions, especially co pilots with open AI will be the right track. By leveraging the generative AI such as the technology provided by age of open AI, manufacturers can obtain a wide range of their expert recommendations and also can speed up the troubleshooting process and significantly enhancing productions, line efficiency. And for this kind of specific issues or unexpected incidents, in the manufacturer sectors. Open AI solution can rapidly analyze and offer up to more recent searches, enable business to respond prompt and ensure as the most productive flaw. And in the other side, I also agree that the posted suggestion is that the correct data most important. Otherwise, if we don't fit the same, the the the correct data to the, generative AI, you cannot make this kind of diseases are so easy and correctly. And if you each had to highlight one key point for our audience to take away from today's discussion, what would it be? For me, I would say do it now, you know, start to your journey for AI now. So perhaps there's a real, competitive advantage to begin, and that AI is already being implemented by users. And for those who are late, and the party will be lose out. So if you haven't been already implementing AI, please do that now. I think no surprise based on what I've said earlier. The the the key point for me is is context of data, to quote John Mc Hendrix of Ford Magazine, Forbes Magazine, artificial intelligence without context is artificial uselessness. And and by context, I mean, both structured, machine, and human context for example, the real downtime reasons, and now of course, the generative AI, that additional dimension of unstructured context which can be generated either conversationally between a co pilot and frontline workers or through the aggregation of, context relevant documentation and communications. There's a huge amount of information out there, rich context that can really make AI application in manufacturing hugely, productive and successful? Yeah. So the same, Casera CEO, and once remarked, it is so difficult to think about the major industry that AI will not transform. This has also become true in the manufacturer size as ratio is we see how AI can be simply integrated into existing factories, production lines, or even individual machines. Offering immediate and tangible benefits. Well, thank you all for a very interesting discussion, and for the insights you've been able to share with our audience. I think there's no doubt that the rise of AI, and especially its application within the manufacturing sector, is going to have a profound effect on us all. From what you've said, it's equally clear that the time to act is now. As organizations that are implementing AI in their manufacturing processes are already seeing significant benefits and competitive advantage. Of course, the technology can be disruptive, be disruptive. And as we've heard, We'll need employers to rethink the roles and responsibilities of staff to focus on the creative aspects that the human brain is best suited to. But it does provide a solution to the problems in Western economies, at least, of an aging workforce and a growing skills gap. The new focus on creativity and problem solving also makes entering manufacturing a much more attractive career proposition to young people. Creating a new pool of resource entering the manufacturing environment. If you're starting to consider the application of AI and your manufacturing and want to know more about how Advantech and its partners can help you on this journey. Please get in touch using the contact details on the screen now. Until next time. Thank you for joining us, and goodbye.